Internet websites promoting 'alternative' cures for cancer can seriously harm patients who follow their advice, according to an editorial published in the British Journal of Cancer this week. Some are in fact dangerous, claim the authors.
A survey of 13 sites relating to alternative or complementary medicine and cancer found that patients were not only discouraged from using conventional cancer therapies but were not informed about alternative remedies that have been shown to be ineffective, said scientists at Exeter University`s Department of Complementary Medicine.
Professor Edzard Ernst, who led the research into the subject, said mostsites visited recommended a multitude of treatments with little consensusbetween them.
"Cancer patients get confused in the maze of claims and counter claims and often turn to the Internet for information which can give advice that has led to real harm and even death in some cases. "
The study defined five sites as potentially harmful to patients who followed their advice and two sites, www.alternativemedicine.com and www.heall.com which are "dangerous" to cancer patients.
Researcher Katja Schmidt said that www.alternativemedicine.com downgraded conventional cancer treatments by statements such as 'women with breast cancer are likely to die faster with chemotherapy than without' and that 'of approximately half a million people who die of cancer each year only about two to three per cent actually gain benefit from chemotherapy.'
Schmidt said: "The site lists treatments such as herbal remedies and shark cartilage as offering 'promise as cancer treatment.` With a statement like that a patient might abandon orthodox cancer treatment on the basis of the arguments on this website. Also the site has no mention of a governing body nor a reference to frequency of updates. It offers products for sale and is supported by advertising."
The site www.heall.com provides no details of research efforts for thetherapies it promotes nor does it request a patient should also seekconventional advice. "It claims that alternative therapies being used to treat and/or cure cancer are botanicals such as goldenseal, pokeroot, wild indigo, thuja, figwort, red clover, Essiac and astragalus. But there is no evidence that any of these herbal medicines cure cancer," argued Schmidt.
"When people are diagnosed with cancer they are in shock and feel a realsense of crisis. They think: 'What else can we do?' " said Professor Ernst. "They read pages of information on websites and read that shark cartilage promises a cure for cancer. Patients are overloaded with information and it is very difficult for them to assess the credibility of information they find on random websites.
"As long as statements on the web don't promise a cure but simply offer a chance to improve the quality of a cancer patient`s life - that is quite adifferent matter. If a person feels better after massage or reflexologyor aromatherapy that is a good thing - as long as the patient is aware that this is not a cure," he added.
By contrast the researchers praised Cancer Research UK`s award-winningwebsite designed specifically for patients by a team of medical experts.Called www.cancerhelp.org.uk this site "is a very useful source ofinformation regarding conventional cancer treatments," said Schmidt.
"Complementary cancer treatments are also discussed. There are details of research given for various therapies and the site provides references to sources of information, links to other cancer websites and is frequently updated. It provides non-profit primary information."
Chief executive of Cancer Research UK Sir Paul Nurse said: " CancerResearch UK works with scientists involved in looking at complementarymedicine which, as the name suggests, can complement orthodox treatment and bring benefits to the patient. There is a confusing amount of information about cancer treatment and so called `alternative` cancer cures available on the Internet. Many of these have no clinical or scientific basis and so it is vitally important that patients seek advice from their doctors before embarking on any alternative therapy. Our Cancer Help website only offers patients information that has been extensively checked by a wide variety of specialists with experience of treating the disease."